Choosing the Best Hardwood Decking: Tropical Wood Guide
When it comes to enhancing your outdoor living space, hardwood decking stands out as a premium choice. The natural beauty and durability of tropical hardwood make it a popular option for homeowners looking to create stunning, long-lasting decks. From the rich hues of ipe to the golden tones of garapa, exotic wood species offer a wide range of colors and grain patterns to suit your esthetic preferences.
In this guide, you'll discover the key characteristics that make hardwood decking an excellent investment for your home. We'll explore various tropical wood types, including cumaru and tigerwood, and discuss their unique properties such as rot resistance, insect resistance, and UV resistance. You'll also learn about different hardwood decking profiles, sizes, and accessories to help you design the perfect outdoor space. Plus, we'll cover essential maintenance tips and long-term performance considerations to ensure your hardwood deck remains beautiful for years to come.
Understanding Hardwood Decking Characteristics
When it comes to hardwood decking, understanding its unique characteristics is crucial to making an informed decision. Tropical hardwoods, in particular, offer exceptional qualities that make them stand out in the world of outdoor decking materials.
Density and Hardness
One of the most notable features of hardwood decking is its impressive density and hardness. These properties contribute significantly to its durability and longevity. For instance, Ipe, a popular tropical hardwood, is renowned for its incredible hardness. It scores a whopping 3,680 pounds on the Janka scale, making it one of the hardest woods available for decking. This exceptional hardness means that Ipe can withstand heavy foot traffic and resist dents and scratches better than many other wood types.
Other tropical hardwoods like Cumaru and Jatoba also boast impressive density ratings. Cumaru, for example, has a density of 0.91 g/cm3, while Jatoba comes in at 0.82 g/cm3. These high-density hardwoods are significantly denser than red oak, which is often used as a benchmark for comparison.
Natural Oils and Resistance
Tropical hardwoods are prized for their natural resistance to various environmental factors. This resistance is largely due to the presence of natural oils and other compounds within the wood. These oils act as a built-in defense mechanism, providing protection against moisture, insects, and decay.
Ipe, for instance, is known for its exceptional resistance to rot, insects, and decay. Its natural oils are so effective that an Ipe stake pounded into the ground could remain intact for up to 25 years. This remarkable resistance makes hardwood decking an excellent choice for outdoor applications, especially in areas prone to moisture or insect infestations.
Close up shot of ipe boards with hidden screw caps used on a deck.
Color and Appearance
One of the most appealing aspects of hardwood decking is its rich and varied appearance. Tropical hardwoods offer a wide range of colors and grain patterns, allowing you to create a truly unique outdoor space.
Ipe, for instance, showcases a deep brown color with olive tones and a fine to medium grain pattern. Cumaru, also known as Brazilian Teak, presents a beautiful reddish-brown hue with a coarse, interlocking grain. Garapa offers a softer appearance with its blonde to amber coloring and fine grain.
Garapa boards used on a deck.
It's important to note that the color of hardwood decking can change over time due to exposure to UV rays. Many homeowners appreciate this natural aging process, which often results in a silvery-gray patina. However, if you prefer to maintain the wood's original color, regular application of UV-protectant oil can help preserve its natural beauty.
Popular Hardwood Decking Profiles and Sizes
When it comes to hardwood decking, you have a variety of options to choose from in terms of profiles and sizes. Understanding these choices will help you create the perfect outdoor space that meets your esthetic preferences and functional needs.
Board Widths and Thicknesses
Hardwood decking boards come in various widths and thicknesses to suit different project requirements. The most common widths range from 60mm to 160mm (approximately 2.4 inches to 6.3 inches). As for thickness, you'll typically find options between 19mm to 35mm (about 0.75 inches to 1.4 inches).
Popular hardwood species like Ipe offer decking sizes from 1x4 inches, 5/4x4 inches, 1x6 inches, and 5/4x6 inches to accommodate different project needs. The standard thickness for most wood types is 1 inch, but thicker boards can provide a sturdier feel underfoot.
When selecting board width, consider the overall look you want to achieve. Narrower boards (around 4 inches) create a more traditional or segmented appearance, while wider boards (6 inches or more) can give your deck a more expansive and cohesive look.
Grooved vs. Non-Grooved
Another important consideration is whether to choose grooved or non-grooved decking boards. Grooved boards feature notches or channels along the edges, while non-grooved boards have smooth sides.
Grooved decking offers several advantages:
It aids in water runoff, helping to prevent puddles from forming on your deck surface.
It can provide better anti-slip properties, especially useful for footbridges or narrow walkways.
It allows for hidden fastener systems, creating a seamless look without visible screws.
On the other hand, non-grooved or smooth decking has its own benefits:
It's more comfortable for bare feet, making it ideal for pool areas or private gardens.
It's easier to clean, as it doesn't trap as much dirt and debris.
It provides a smoother surface for wheelchairs, strollers, and bicycles.
Custom Milling Options
To get the exact look and functionality you desire, many suppliers offer custom milling services for hardwood decking. These services allow you to tailor your decking boards to your specific needs.
Custom milling options may include:
Tongue and groove profiles for a tight fit between boards
V-joint or nickel joint patterns for a distinctive look
Shiplap designs for improved water resistance
Rainscreen profiles for exterior wall applications
With custom milling, you can create unique patterns or adapt the decking to suit your project's requirements. This flexibility allows you to achieve the perfect balance of esthetics and functionality for your hardwood deck.
By carefully considering board widths, thicknesses, grooved or non-grooved options, and custom milling possibilities, you can create a hardwood deck that not only looks stunning but also performs exceptionally well in your specific outdoor environment.
Hardwood Decking Accessories and Finishing Touches
To complete your hardwood deck project, you'll need to consider various accessories and finishing touches that enhance both the functionality and esthetics of your outdoor space. These elements can make a significant difference in the overall look and usability of your deck.
Fascia and Trim Boards
Fascia boards are an essential component of your hardwood deck, serving both practical and esthetic purposes. These boards run around the edge of your deck, covering the exposed wood perimeter joist, also known as the rim joist. While primarily esthetic, fascia boards play a crucial role in protecting your deck's structure from moisture and pests.
When selecting fascia boards for your hardwood deck, you have several options:
Matching hardwood: Choose fascia boards made from the same tropical hardwood as your decking for a cohesive look.
Composite materials: Many composite decking brands offer fascia boards that complement their decking products, providing a low-maintenance alternative.
PVC or vinyl: These materials offer excellent durability and resistance to moisture, making them ideal for fascia applications.
To ensure a polished look, consider adding trim boards to your deck. These can be used to create picture framing effects around the border of your deck, adding visual interest and helping to eliminate debris accumulation between the deck boards and fascia.
Mahogany boards on a pallet at our Wheat Ridge, CO location.
Railings and Balusters
Railings and balusters are not only essential safety features but also contribute significantly to your deck's overall appearance. When choosing railings for your hardwood deck, consider options that complement the natural beauty of the wood while providing necessary support and protection.
Popular railing choices for hardwood decks include:
Matching hardwood railings: Create a cohesive look by using the same tropical hardwood species for your railings and posts.
Metal railings: Combine the warmth of hardwood with the sleek look of metal for a modern esthetic. Aluminum or stainless steel balusters in colors like black, bronze, or silver can add a contemporary touch to your deck.
Cable railings: For an unobstructed view, consider using cable infill between hardwood posts. This option provides a minimalist look while maintaining safety standards.
When installing railings, ensure they meet local building codes for height and spacing requirements. Most codes require a minimum railing height of 36 inches and balusters spaced no more than 4 inches apart.
Steps and Benches
Incorporating steps and benches into your hardwood deck design can enhance both its functionality and visual appeal. Well-designed steps provide safe access to your deck, while built-in benches offer convenient seating options and can help define different areas of your outdoor space.
When constructing steps for your hardwood deck, consider the following:
Use the same hardwood species as your decking for a seamless look.
Ensure proper rise and run measurements for comfortable and safe use.
Install non-slip treads or apply anti-slip coatings to improve safety, especially in wet conditions.
Built-in benches can serve multiple purposes on your hardwood deck:
Provide additional seating without the need for separate furniture.
Create natural divisions between different areas of your deck.
Incorporate storage space beneath the seating for outdoor cushions or garden tools.
By carefully selecting and incorporating these accessories and finishing touches, you can create a hardwood deck that not only showcases the natural beauty of tropical wood but also provides a functional and inviting outdoor living space for years to come.
Long-Term Performance of Hardwood Decks
Hardwood decks are renowned for their exceptional durability and longevity. When properly maintained, these outdoor spaces can provide decades of enjoyment and add significant value to your property. Let's explore the long-term performance aspects of hardwood decks, including their aging process, structural integrity, and value addition.
Aging and Patina
One of the most appealing characteristics of hardwood decking is its ability to age gracefully. As time passes, many hardwood species develop a beautiful silvery-gray patina, which many homeowners find attractive. This natural weathering process occurs due to exposure to sunlight, rain, and other environmental factors.
For those who prefer to maintain the original color of their hardwood deck, regular maintenance is key. Applying a high-quality sealer can help preserve the wood's natural hues and protect it from UV damage. However, it's important to note that even with proper care, some color change is inevitable over time.
Interestingly, certain hardwood species, like Fijian Mahogany, actually improve in appearance as they age. When properly cared for, mahogany's natural pinkish to pale brown color deepens over the years, becoming more striking and elegant.
Structural Integrity
The structural integrity of hardwood decks is a crucial factor in their long-term performance. Hardwoods are naturally dense and resistant to decay, insects, and even fire, making them an excellent choice for outdoor structures.
However, it's essential to conduct regular inspections and maintenance to ensure the deck remains structurally sound. Pay close attention to support posts, beams, and joists, as these are critical components of the deck's framework. Look for signs of rot, decay, or loose fasteners, and address any issues promptly to prevent more significant problems down the line.
It's worth noting that while the surface of a hardwood deck may show signs of weathering, the structure beneath often remains intact due to the wood's natural durability. This resilience is one of the reasons why hardwood decks can last for several decades with proper care.
Value Addition to Property
Investing in a hardwood deck can significantly increase your property's value. Homes with well-maintained hardwood decks often command higher resale prices, as potential buyers recognize the value of these durable and attractive outdoor spaces.
In fact, adding a wood deck to your home can provide a substantial return on investment. According to recent data, a new wood deck ranks as the 5th best home improvement to attract potential buyers, following several lawn and landscaping upgrades.
While the initial cost of a hardwood deck may be higher than some alternatives, the long-term benefits often result in a positive return on investment when selling the home. The natural beauty, durability, and low maintenance requirements of hardwood decks make them an attractive feature for many homebuyers.
To maximize the value addition of your hardwood deck, consider incorporating design elements like deck lighting, polished features such as picture framing, and complementary landscaping. These enhancements can further increase the deck's appeal and overall value to your property.
Conclusion
Hardwood decking offers a unique blend of beauty, durability, and long-term value for homeowners looking to enhance their outdoor spaces. From the rich hues of ipe to the golden tones of garapa, these tropical woods provide a wide range of options to suit various esthetic preferences and functional needs. The natural resistance to rot, insects, and UV damage makes hardwood decking a smart investment that can last for decades with proper care and maintenance.
To create a truly stunning outdoor living area, it's crucial to consider all aspects of your deck project, including accessories, finishing touches, and long-term performance. By carefully selecting the right board profiles, sizes, and complementary elements like railings and fascia, you can design a hardwood deck that not only looks beautiful but also stands the test of time. To learn more about hardwood decking materials or to get a quote, reach out to RMFP. With the right approach, your hardwood deck can become a valuable addition to your home, providing years of enjoyment and a significant boost to your property's value. ## FAQs
What tropical wood species are considered ideal for decking?
Tropical hardwoods such as Ipe, Cumaru, Tigerwood, and Massaranduba are highly regarded for decking due to their beauty and luxurious appearance. These species are often seen as the top choices for high-quality deck wood.
Which decking materials are recommended for tropical climates?
In tropical climates, materials like hardwoods (Ipe, Cumaru, Teak), composites, and PVC are preferred because they do not absorb as much heat, staying cooler underfoot. Both natural hardwoods and engineered composites are designed to minimize heat retention.
What type of wood is best suited for decks in Hawaii?
Brazilian Ipe Lumber, also known as Brazilian walnut, is excellent for outdoor decks in Hawaii. It’s a dense hardwood that doesn’t splinter, making it safe and comfortable for barefoot use. Its rich dark brown color adds to its appeal, making it a top choice for tropical environments.
Which hardwood is most durable for outdoor decking?
Ipe, known as Brazilian walnut, stands out as one of the most durable and resilient hardwoods for outdoor decking. Its natural properties make it highly resistant to wear and environmental elements, making it a preferred choice for long-lasting deck construction.
